After a quiescence of less than a half century, the post-collapse cone of Anak Krakatau (Child of Krakatau) was constructed within the 1883 caldera at a point between the former cones of Danan and Perbuwatan. Pyroclastic surges traveled 40 km across the Sunda Strait and reached the Sumatra coast. This eruption, the 2nd largest in Indonesia during historical time, caused more than 36,000 fatalities, most as a result of devastating tsunamis that swept the adjacent coastlines of Sumatra and Java. Caldera collapse during the catastrophic 1883 eruption destroyed Danan and Perbuwatan volcanoes, and left only a remnant of Rakata volcano. Remnants of this ancestral volcano are preserved in Verlaten and Lang Islands subsequently Rakata, Danan and Perbuwatan volcanoes were formed, coalescing to create the pre-1883 Krakatau Island. Collapse of the ancestral Krakatau edifice, perhaps in 416 AD, formed a 7-km-wide caldera.

View recent quakes BackgroundThe renowned volcano Krakatau (or Krakatoa) lies in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra.

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